As part of PathOS, CSIL designed and tested a Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) framework specifically adapted to Open Science. The framework offers a systematic way to compare the costs and benefits of OS practices against a counterfactual scenario without them.

It identifies typical categories of costs and benefits and outlines a practical roadmap, including useful tips for applying CBA across various types of Open Science initiatives.

The framework was tested on two open science practices, UniProt and RCAAP, which helped to refine the methodology and demonstrate its relevance for complex, real-world settings. Together, the methodological note and the factsheets provide both detailed guidance and an accessible overview for policymakers, funders, and research infrastructures interested in evidence-based monitoring and evaluation of OS impacts.