Opening address by Lidia Brito, Assistant Director General, Natural Sciences, UNESCO, highlighting the importance of global collaboration in advancing Open Science and setting the stage for two days of discussion on monitoring progress and assessing impact.

How can we tell whether Open Science is making a difference? This opening session shared key insights from PathOS, a three-year EU project investigating how Open Science affects research, society, and the economy. It begin with an overview of the project’s evidence, methods and tools. A panel discussion then reflects on real-world case studies, what they revealed, what was unexpected, and what remains unclear. As the conference marking the final public event of PathOS gets underway, this session set the tone by combining strategic insight with grounded reflections on how Open Science is and can be monitored in practice.

Presentation is available here. 

This interactive session opened a discussion on the key impact pathways and synthesis findings from the PathOS project. Following a brief overview, participants was invited to share reflections on the draft conclusions, highlight strengths, raise questions, and explore how the outputs can best support open science policy and practice. The session aimed to gather diverse perspectives through open dialogue rather than formal feedback.

Presentation is available here. 

This session introduced two key tools developed through PathOS: the Open Science Impact Indicator Handbook and a framework for assessing the value of open science practices. The Handbook provides a structured set of indicators to monitor academic, societal, and economic impacts. The Cost-Benefit Analysis framework shows how selected indicators can support strategic decision-making by estimating potential benefits beyond just monetary measures. Following the presentations, the session continued with a panel discussion on practical challenges, insights, and opportunities in applying these tools.

Presentation is available here. 

The final version of the OSMI Principles was introduced in this session, a framework developed through international collaboration to support the design of open science monitoring systems. Aimed at policymakers, funders, institutions, and infrastructures, the Principles promote transparency, inclusiveness, and adaptability in tracking open science progress. The presentation outlined their scope, practical relevance, and potential applications. A panel of experts then explored how the Principles can inform policy, infrastructure development, and research software practices. The session concluded with a moderated discussion and audience questions.

Presentation is available here.

This session introduced the latest iteration of the Monitoring Framework for National Contributions to EOSC and Open Science, developed to support the systematic tracking the implementation and uptake of the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) and open science. A key highlight was the launch of the second phase of the EOSC Open Science Observatory, a dynamic policy intelligence tool designed to provide harmonized, accessible, and actionable monitoring data across Europe. Following a presentation of the updated framework and new platform features, a high-level panel explored how national data and practices can feed into broader monitoring systems, what incentives drive engagement, and how this work can inform both European and global efforts.

Presentation is available here. 

This session presented UNESCO’s global assessment of open science monitoring, carried out under the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science, the first international framework to guide national policies and practices in this area. The presentation highlighted how countries around the world are advancing open science and where gaps remain. The panel brought together voices from across continents to reflect on regional challenges, enablers, and solutions in implementing the Recommendation. The discussion surfaced diverse perspectives on how global guidance can be made meaningful at national and local levels.

Presentation is available here. 

As Open Science monitoring frameworks multiply across Europe and globally, RPOs and RFOs are increasingly expected to implement, report on, and align with evolving expectations. However, the practical realities of translating policy into institutional practice remain complex. This roundtable brought together contributors from international and European initiatives to reflect on institutional uptake of Open Science monitoring and researcher assessment frameworks. Each speaker provided a brief input grounded in their context, followed by a moderated discussion addressing barriers, synergies, and lessons learned.

This session was organised in collaboration with the Open and Universal Science (OPUS) Project.

Presentation is available here. 

Closing remarks from the conference were presented by:

Nicolas Fressengeas, Open science Officer, French Ministry of Higher Education and Research

Ioanna Grypari, PathOS Coordinator, ATHENA RC & OpenAIRE

Shaofeng Hu, Director of the Division of Science Policy and Basic Sciences, Natural Sciences, UNESCO

Watch the full recording of the closing session below and join us in continuing the momentum for a transparent, inclusive, and impactful open science ecosystem.